圈养猩猩的行为训练

南京红山森林动物园圈养的3只猩猩在接受了行为训练后，相继完成了串笼、称重、肌肉注射、前臂静脉穿刺，及眼、耳、口、鼻、腹部和四肢检查等训练项目。所有训练项目均使用食物、响片正强化，动物在完全放松的状态下主动完成，去除了化学保定或强制保定对动物造成的伤害。动物行为训练极大地方便了日常管理，丰富了动物行为，减少了刻板行为，提高了动物福利。训练发现，训练效果主要受不同的强化物、强化时间和训练环境的影响。刺激强烈或动作复杂的训练项目可以通过动作拆分来解决。

Behavior Training of Orangutans in Captivity

After behavior training, 3 orangutans （ Pongo pygmaeus） could shuttle from cage to cage, accept the treatment of intramuscular injection and forearm venipuncture, accept the exami- nation of eyes, ears, mouth, nose, stomach and limbs in captivity at Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo. All training programs were implemented by positive reinforcement training with food and click- ers. The animals completed these training programs voluntarily, which avoided the risks of injury caused by tranquilization or restraint. Animal behavior training greatly eased animal management, enriched animal behavior, reduced the frequency of stereotypic behaviors, and improved animal welfare. Training objectives were achieved mainly by varying reinforcements, enrichment dura- tions, and training environments. Intense training programs involving complex actions could be completed by dividing actions into several steps.