溶剂法提取地肤子油优化工艺研究

目的]更好地开发利用地肤子。方法]采用溶剂浸提法提取地肤子油,选择提取溶剂、提取时间、固液比等因素进行单因素试验,通过正交试验确定地肤子油的最佳提取工艺。结果]石油醚作提取溶剂时,提油率最高;固液比为1∶6(g/ml)时,提油率最大;预浸泡时间为12 h时,提油率最大;地肤子粉碎粒度为80目时,提油率最高,油质较好;提取温度为55℃时,提油率最高;反应时间为50 min时,提油率最高。各因素对提油率的影响从大到小依次为:提取温度>固液比>提取时间。结论]地肤子油的最佳提取工艺为:石油醚作提取溶剂,预浸泡时间12 h,粉碎粒度80目,提取温度55℃,提取时间50 min,固液比为1∶6(g/ml),该条件下,提油率达15.27%。

Extraction of Fructus Kochiae Oil by Solvent Method

Objective] The study was to develop and use the Fructus kochiae better.Method] The solvent extraction method was taken to extract Fructus kochiae oil.The factors such as extraction solvent,extraction time and solid-to-liquid ratio were selected to make the single factor test.The optimum extraction technology for Fructus kochiae oil was determined through orthogonal test.Result] When petroleum ether was extraction solvent,the oil extraction rate was the highest.When the solid-to-liquid ratio was 1∶6(g/ml),the oil extraction rate was the highest.When presoaking time was 12 h,the oil extraction rate was the highest.When the grinding particle size of Fructus kochiae was 80 meshes,the oil extraction rate was the highest and the oil quality was better.When the extraction temperature was 55 ℃,the oil extraction rate was the highest.When the reaction time was 50 min,the oil extraction rate was the highest.The effects of each factor on oil extraction rate in order was extraction temperature>solid-to-liquid ratio>extraction time.Conclusion] The optimum extraction technology for Fructus kochiae oil was follows: with the petroleum ether as extraction solvent,presoaking time of 12 h,grinding particle size of Fructus kochiae of 80 meshes,extraction temperature of 55 ℃,extraction time of 50 min and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶6(g/ml).Under this condition,the oil extraction rate of Fructus kochiae reached 15.27%.