食用优质稻品种主要品质性状稳定性研究

通过对2002年在湖南长沙作一季晚稻和双季晚稻以及在海南三亚冬繁共3次种植的20个优质稻品种60份样品的碾米品质、外观品质和米饭长检测，同时对其中11个品种共33个样品的蒸煮品质化验，分析不同品种在三种环境下种植的各个品质性状的变异系数, 并对20个品种进行聚类分析；按农业部颁布的食用稻品种品质NY/T-593-2002中的籼稻品质指标等级记分标准将11个品种的9个品质性状计算质量指数. 结果显示：不同品种的品质稳定性不同。品质性状的稳定性与品种的质量指数等级有关，在长沙作双季晚稻种植的质量指数达三等的品种，其品质性状相对稳定；在长沙作双季晚稻种植的质量指数达二等的品种，在不适宜环境下质量指数可变为三等甚至四等。不同品质性状的变异系数差异悬殊。各个品质性状的一等至三等达标百分率因品种和环境而变化。

Study on Stability of Major Quality Traits of Good Quality Varieties for Eating

good quality varieties were grown in single-cropping late season rice and double-cropping late season rice in 2002 in Changsha and from Dec.15, 2001 to April 20,2002 in Sanya. Milling, apparent qualities and cooked rice elongation of 60 samples of 20 varieties and cooking quality of 33 samples of 11 amongst 20 varieties were tested. Variation coefficients of rice quality traits under 3 different environment conditions were calculated. Quality index of 9 quality traits of 11 varieties was calculated by the agricultural minister standard of the cooking rice variety quality NY/T-593-2002. The result showed that the stability of quality traits, which related to quality index varied with rice varieties. Variation coefficients of rice difference quality traits have great disparity. The percentage of quality traits, which reach standard of the third class, varied with variety and environment.