苗期深松对土壤物理性状、夏玉米生长及产量的影响

于2011年在潍坊市昌邑卜庄镇研究了夏玉米苗期深松对土壤物理性状、土壤养分、夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明:苗期深松降低了土壤容重和土壤紧实度,提高了土壤蓄水量;0～25 cm土层的有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾都有不同程度的增加,25～35 cm土层的有机质略有下降,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾略有增加;植株生长发育较快,干物质积累也较迅速;叶面积指数在开花期差异最大;大喇叭口期叶片干重差异明显,开花期的干物质苗期深松均比不深松的增加;深松比不深松可增收玉米805.5 kg/hm2,增产7.65%。

Effect of Deep Loosening at Seedling Stage on Soil Physical Properties and Summer Maize Growth and Yield

This research was conducted in Buzhuang Township,Changyi County,Weifang City,Shandong Province in 2011 to study the effects of deep loosening at seedling stage on soil physical properties,soil nutrient,summer maize growth,development and yield.The results were as follows.Deep loosing at seedling stage decreased the soil bulk density and compactness,but increased the soil water content.In 0 ~ 25 cm soil layer,the contents of organic matter,alkali solution nitrogen,rapidly-available phosphorus,rapidly-available potassium increased in different rate;in 25~35 cm soil layer,the content of organic matter declined slightly,the contents of alkali solution nitrogen,rapidly-available phosphorus and rapidly-available potassium increased slightly.Deep loosing promoted the plant growth and dry matter accumulation of summer maize.The leaf area index had the biggest difference in flowering period between deep loosing and not;the leaf dry matter in big trumpet period was obviously different;deep loosing increased the dry matter in flowering period.Compared to not deep loosing,deep loosing could make the maize yield increase by 7.65%.