分子标志物参数在识别土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)来源中的应用

土壤中PAHs污染物的成因十分复杂,常见的污染源包括生物质的高温降解产物、石油等化石燃料及其不完全燃烧产物等,其输入方式主要有大气中所含PAHs的干、湿沉降、水体输入、固体废弃物排放等。不同成因的PAHs组成特征有一定差别,并可能具有独特的分子标志物或分子化合物组合特征,由此,可以根据环境介质中PAHs的组成特征判断污染物来源或成因类型。目前,分子标志物特征参数已成为追踪PAHs污染来源的有效手段。介绍了近年来国内外在运用PAHs分子标志物特征参数识别土壤中PAHs污染源方面的主要研究进展、应用潜力及存在的问题。

The Application of Molecular Biomarker Parameters as Indicators of PAHs Source in Soils, a Review

PAHs in soils are from a wide variety of sources, including degradation products of biomass, products of incomplete combustion of fossil fuel, such as crude oil. The main ways through which they migrate into soils are deposition from air, water, dumping of solid waste etc. The composition characterize of PAHs are distinctive when they derive from different sources. PAHs from various sources have different PAHs ratios and various combined characteristic. Therefore, we can infer the sources of PAHs through PAHs ratios or the combined characteristic of PAHs compounds. In recent years, molecular biomarker parameters have been widely used for the source identification of PAHs in soils and they have become valid instruments for inferring PAHs sources. The development of the using molecular biomarker parameter to infer PAHs sources is reviewed in this paper. Future work and problems are also discussed.