乙酰羟酸合酶抑制剂类除草剂的植物抗性机制

乙酰羟酸合酶(AHAS)抑制剂类除草剂已被广泛用于农业生产,然而使用过程中可能对部分敏感农作物产生药害,因此创制对不同类别除草剂具有抗性的一系列作物新品种至关重要。本文将从AHAS抑制剂类除草剂的类别与特点、AHAS靶酶的特性及其在支链氨基酸合成中的作用、除草剂的靶标抗性与非靶标抗性机制等方面分析国内外研究现状与未来发展动态,以期为农作物除草剂抗性性状的遗传改良和开发应用提供参考。

Mechanisms underlying plant resistance to the acetohydroxyacid synthase- inhibiting herbicides

The acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS)-inhibiting herbicides have been widely used in agricultural industry. However, the herbicides can sometimes cause phytotoxicity for those crops susceptible to them. Thus, it is important to create a series of new crop varieties resistant to different types of herbicides. This review presents our current understanding about the categories and characteristics of the AHAS-inhibiting herbicides, the properties of their respective target enzymes and their roles in the synthesis of branched chain amino acids, and the mechanisms underlying two types of plant resistance to the herbicides (namely, target- and non-target-site-based resistance), as well as our perspectives on the future trends in these research areas, which is expected to promote the research and development of herbicide-resistant crops.