5种水生植物在冬季对小沿河水体脱氮除磷效果的研究

指出了冬季水生植物脱氮除磷效果的研究对低温地区水体的净化具有重要意义。通过人工模拟徐州小沿河冬季的自然条件，探讨了西伯利亚鸢尾、菹草、狐尾藻、伊乐藻、燕麦草5种水生植物对水体脱氮除磷的效果。结果表明：5种水生植物都能较好地吸收水体中的氮磷等营养物质，但不同水生植物对水体脱氮除磷的效果存在明显差异。对总氮的去除效果依次为：西伯利亚鸢尾〉燕麦草〉伊乐藻〉狐尾藻〉菹草；而对总磷的去除效果则随时间的变化有所改变，但总体表现为：燕麦草〉伊乐藻〉西伯利亚鸢尾〉狐尾藻〉菹草。不同月份水生植物去除水体氮磷的变化特点为：11月和3月去除效果较好，12月、1月和2月较差；而且西伯利亚鸢尾和燕麦草对总磷的去除效果受月份影响较小，表现较为稳定。西伯利亚鸢尾、燕麦草和伊乐藻可以作为冬季徐州小沿河水体氮磷去除的优选水生植物。

Effects of Five Hydrophytes on Removals of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Xiaoyanhe River in Winter

The research on the effects of hydrophytes on removals of nitrogen and phosphorus in winter has an important significance to purify water body in the cold regions. This article studies the removal efficiency of five hydrophytes （i. e. Iris sibirica, Potamogeton crispus, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Elodea Canadensis Michx, Arrhenatherum eIatius （Linn.） Pressl） on nitrogen and phosphorus under an artificial natural condition of Xiaoyanhe River in winter. The results show that the selected plants can absorb nutrients effectively from the nutritive waters. The defference of removal effieiencies among these plants on nitrogen and phosphorus is significant, which can be divided from high to low is Iris sibirica~ Arrhenatherum elatius （Linn.） Pressl~ Elodea Canadensis Michx〉 Myriophyllumverticillatum ~Potamogeton erispus Linn. ,according to the removal efficiency on the total nitrogen （TN）. Although the total phosphorus（TP） removal efficiency changes with the seasons, the removal efficiencies of hydrophytes on phosphorus is always Arrhenatherum elatius （Linn.） Pressl ~ Elodea Canadensis Michx 〉 Iris sibirica ~ Myriophyllum vertieillatum ~Potamogeton crispus. The removal effects in November and March are good while in December,January and February are poor, and the removal efficiencies of Iris sibirica and Arrhenatherum elatius （Linn.） Pressl are almost stable from November to February. Therefore,Iris sibirica, Arrhenatherum elatius （Linn.） Pressl and Elodea Canadensis Michx can Be used as good hydrophytes for removing nitrogen and phosphorus of Xiaoyanhe River in Xuzhou City.