论黑龙江省农业生产的动力结构

黑龙江省是我国农业机械化重点地区之一。新中国建立起来,拖拉机配备量逐年增加,至1985年已达到饱和量。由于劳动力有余,资金和油料不足,技术水平不高等因素制约,机械未能发挥应有的作用。田间作业机械综合利用程度只达到51.2％;运输作业占农业总用工量的50％以上,机械完成的运输额不到运输总额的20％。大量作业需要用畜力完成,役马的数量占全国各省的首位。当前农业生产的动力结构,必须采取机马牛结合。机械动力和畜力各具优点,采取机马牛合理结合,可以降低生产成本,节省石油,保持合理的生态结构,不仅对当前,从长远考虑也具有深远意义。

ON MOTIVE POWER STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

Heilongiiang province is one of the most important mechanized agricultural areas in China.The number of tractors has been increasing every year since new China was founded.By 1985 the number of tractors had reached the maximum.But the machinery hasn't exert its proper role because of surplus labour and poor technical skills and lack of funds and oil.The utilization of comprehensive machinery in farm work was only 51.2 percent,the number of machines in transportation made up over 50 percent of the total in agriculture and the sum of the machinery transportation was under 20 percent of the total sum of trans-portation.Nevertheless a lot of work has to be done by animals.The number of horses in harness tops any other provinces in our country. At present as machinery power and animal power all have their own advantages the machinery,cattle and horses must be made use of in combina- tion.It is significant from a long-term point of view that the combination not only can reduce the cost of production by saving energy but also maintain the ecological structure.