长期施入不同量有机肥对侵蚀农田黑土土壤养分、产量的影响

为了阐明不同量有机肥施入对东北黑土区不同侵蚀深度农田黑土作物产量及土壤养分的影响，笔者以5 个侵蚀深度0、5、10、20、30 cm农田黑土为研究对象，对比研究长期施用化肥、化肥配施不同量有机肥对农田侵蚀黑土土壤碳、氮、磷及作物产量的影响。结果表明：与单施化肥相比，化肥配施中量有机肥、化肥配施高量有机肥对0、5、10、20、30 cm 5 个侵蚀深度农田黑土作物产量有明显的增产及提高土壤C、N、P 养分的作用，化肥配施高量有机肥处理显著高于其他2 个处理(P<0.05)，其中，侵蚀深度0、5 cm土壤增加的幅度最大，侵蚀深度20 cm土壤增加的幅度最小。所有施肥处理土壤C、N、P养分含量均表现出随土壤侵蚀深度的增加而降低的趋势。

Effect of Long-term Application of Different Amounts of Organic Fertilizer on Black Soil Nutrients and Yield

To show responses of crop yields and soil nutrients to different amounts cattle manure application in eroded Mollisols, arable Mollisols of five erosion depths (0, 5, 10, 20and 30 cm) were selected in present study. Three fertilization treatments were conducted in the experiment, including chemical fertilizers alone, chemical fertilizers combined with medium amounts of manure and chemical fertilizers combined with high amounts of manure. Soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and crop yields were the parameters that we mainly focused on. In comparisons to chemical fertilizers alone treatment, the application of chemical fertilizers combined with medium amounts of manure and chemical fertilizers combined with high amounts could obviously increase crop yields and soil C, N and P in eroded Mollisols. Furthermore, the application of chemical fertilizers combined with high amounts of manure could significantly increase crop yields and soil C, N and P when compared to the other treatments (p<0.05) and all selected parameters increased the most in erosion depth 0 cm and the least in erosion depth 20 cm. In both fertilization treatments, soil C, N and P decreased with the increasing erosion depth.