不同供水量与大豆形态生理及产量的关系

该试验结果表明,供水量与大豆产量明显相关,在开花至鼓粒期,土壤水量低于生育最适水分70％以下时,产量锐减。对不同供水量,大豆形态和生理上的反应是敏感的。在80％高水量下,产量和根冠比呈负相关,同平均荚数呈正相关。而在60％低水量下,产量主要和株高、脯氮酸含量呈正相关,与叶片茸毛数、水势、电导率等呈负相关。这些均可作为抗旱性强弱的重要指标,其中株高、电导率尤为重要。

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT WATER CONTENT OF SOIL AND THE MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN

1. Our experiment results showed that there was a definite relationship between water supply and soybean yield. In the period from flowering to pod filling, if water content dropped to below 70%, soybean yield decreased distinctly. It was also shown that treated with the same water content (either 80% or 60%) the variety Dongnong 80-366 gave higher yield than other varieties.2. The morphological and physiological responses of soybean to different water contents from flowering to pod-filling stage were variable. When water content was 80%, the yield was negatively correlated with the root/shoot ratio, but positively correlated with pod number. When soybean was treated with 60% water content, the yield showed a positive correlation with stem height, 100-seed weight, pod-number and proline content, but a negative correlation with the leaf-water potential,leaf electric exudate and the hair number of leaf-vein(base).3. When soybean was treated with water content below 60% in flowering and pod-filling stage, the change in membrane permeability could be taken as the main indicator for drought resistance. In addition, the leaf-water potential, leaf-electric exudate, leaf-hair quantity, proline content and the stem height were also notably related with drought resistance. The reason why Dongnong 80-366 had given higher yield than other varieties was that it had several favorable properties for drought resistance.