不同玉米品种（系）在东北早熟春播区丰产、稳产及适应性分析

为筛选东北早熟春播玉米区的优良新品种,为该区域玉米生产推广提供参考。本试验以5个新品种为试验材料,以‘吉单27’为对照,比较了参试品种的丰产、稳产及适应性等指标,并对不同试点进行了统计分析。结果表明：参试品种平均产量为9642.8~12663.2 kg/hm²,‘XS60’、‘XS63’、‘XS64’的产量极显著高于对照品种,分别增产4.4%、6.4%和3.6%;对参试品种稳定性进行F测验得出,不同品种稳定性差异极显著,‘XS63’和‘吉单27’的稳产性较好;‘XS61’、‘XS63’和‘XS64’与‘吉单27’的生育期相同,百粒重以‘XS63’为最重,‘XS62’、‘XS63’和‘吉单27’的出籽率超过80%,‘XS61’和‘XS63’的空杆率小于‘吉单27’。综上,‘XS63’的综合性状表现突出,在东北早熟春玉米区具有较好的丰产性、稳产性和适应性,可在该地区进一步推广应用。

Spring Maize Varieties (Strains) in Early-maturing Zone in Northeast China: Analysis of High-yield,Stability and Adaptability

The objective of the study is to screen excellent spring maize varieties in early-maturing zone in northeast China, and provides references for maize production in this region. Five new varieties were used as the test materials and ‘Jidan 27’ was used as control. The high and stable yield, and adaptability of the tested varieties were compared, and statistical analysis of different experimental sites was carried out. The results showed that the average yield of the tested varieties was 9642.8-12663.2 kg/hm², the yield of ‘XS60’, ‘XS63’ and ‘XS64’ were significantly higher than that of the control, and increased by 4.4%, 6.4% and 3.6%, respectively. The stability of the test varieties by F test had extremely significant difference, the stability of ‘XS63’ and ‘Jidan 27’ were relatively good, ‘XS61’, ‘XS63’, ‘XS64’ and ‘jidan 27’ had the same growth period, 100 grain weight of ‘XS63’ was the highest, the seed rate of ‘XS62’, ‘XS63’ and ‘Jidan 27’ were more than 80%, the empty stalk rate of ‘XS61’ and ‘XS63’ were less than that of ‘Jidan 27’. In summary, spring maize variety ‘XS63’ has outstanding comprehensive characteristics, high-yield, stability and adaptability, which could be further applied and popularized in early-maturing region in northeast China.