细梗蔷薇种子发芽及组织培养技术研究

为获得细梗蔷薇(Rosa graciliflora)完整的植株并建立其组培快繁体系,试验研究了不同低温层积时间对细梗蔷薇种子发芽率的影响;同时,选择其嫩茎段为试验材料,研究了不同消毒试剂、消毒时间、植物生长调节剂配比对外植体腋芽诱导、丛生芽增殖及生根培养的影响,并筛选出适宜各阶段培养的最佳培养基配方。结果表明,低温沙藏9个月的种子发芽率最高,为35%;适宜茎段灭菌处理的组合为10%次氯酸钠溶液15 min+0.05%升汞10 min;丛生芽增殖的最佳培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 2.0 mg/L;组培苗生根的最佳培养基为WPM+IBA 0.3 mg/L,生根率达到90%。笔者研究了细梗蔷薇发芽所需的最佳低温层积时间,建立了细梗蔷薇组培快繁技术体系,为细梗蔷薇的大量繁殖、推广和应用提供参考。

Study on the Seed Germination and Tissue Culture of Rosa graciliflora

This research aims to obtain a complete plant of Rosa graciliflora and establish its rapid propagation system. Germination rate of R. graciliflora seed was observed on different cold stratification time. Meanwhile, tender stem segments were used as explants to investigate the effects of different sterilized reagents, sterilized time and phytohormone combinations on the axillary bud induction and proliferation rate, and also rooting rate. Furthermore, the culture medium was optimized for each growth stage. The results showed that the seed germination rate was as high as 35% when treated by sand storage in low temperature for 9 months. The optimum combination for stem sterilization was 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 min followed by 0.05% mercuric chloride solution for 10 min, and the optimal medium for bud proliferation was 1/2MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 2.0 mg/L. The rooting rate reached 90% in the rooting medium of WPM+IBA 0.3 mg/L. In conclusion, this research explores the seed germination condition of R. graciliflora and establishes its rapid propagation system, which could lay a foundation for the industrial production and further utilization of R. graciliflora.