覆盖对毛竹林土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响

【目的】了解覆盖对毛竹Phyllostachys edulis林土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响,为毛竹笋用林覆盖经营提供理论依据。【方法】以湖北省咸宁市毛竹林为研究对象,采用不同覆盖措施连续覆盖3 a,分析比较不同土壤层次间物理性质及养分含量的差异。【结果】覆盖可改善表层(0~10 cm)土壤的物理性质,使该层土壤容重显著降低,毛管孔隙度、毛管持水量和最大持水量等显著提高(P<0.05)。覆盖对土壤全钾、有效磷和速效钾含量有显著影响,覆盖能显著提高表层土壤全氮、全磷、有效磷和速效钾含量及较深层(10~20 cm和20~40 cm)土壤有效磷和速效钾含量。总体来说,随着土壤层次的加深,覆盖对土壤养分的影响程度逐渐减小。毛竹林覆盖后,不同土层间土壤物理性质及养分含量存在显著差异,主要表现为随着土壤层次的加深,土壤最大持水量、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度等显著降低,土壤容重则表现出相反的趋势;除全钾外,其他土壤养分含量均在0~10 cm层最高。【结论】在不考虑其他因素的情况下,以稻草20 cm+谷壳10 cm方式覆盖对毛竹林土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响较好。

Influence of mulching on soil physical properties and nutrients contents of Phyllostachys edulis forest

【Objective】Understanding the influence of mulching on soil physical properties and nutrient contents in the Phyllostachys edulis forests, which could provide a theoretical basis for management of bamboo shoots with mulching.【Method】Taking the forests in Xianning city, Hubei province as research object, and different mulching measures were adopted to cover the forests continuously for 3 years, then the differences in soil physical properties and nutrients contents among different soil layers were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that mulching measures could improve the surface(0-10 cm) soil physical properties, which significantly reduced the bulk density, and improved capillary porosity, capillary water capacity and maximum water capacity(P < 0.05).Mulching significantly affected the contents of total potassium, available phosphorus and available potassium, and significantly increased the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium in surface soil, and significantly increased the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in deeper soil layer(10-20 cm and 20-40 cm). In general, the effect of mulching on soil nutrient contents decreased as the deepening of soil layer.After the implementation of mulching, there was significant differences in soil physical properties and nutrient contents among different soil layers, mainly manifested as the maximum soil moisture capacity, capillary water capacity, capillary porosity and total porosity decreased significantly with the deepening of soil layers, while soil bulk density shows the opposite trend. In addition to total potassium, the content of other nutrients was highest in the 0-10 cm soil layer. 【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis shows that, the mulching measure of 20 cm straw + 10 cm chaff has better effect on soil physical properties and nutrient content without considering other factors.