PEG胁迫下春小麦萌发期抗旱指标的遗传力

为探索干旱胁迫对春小麦萌发期生长的影响,筛选春小麦萌发期抗旱性指标。以宁夏灌区和雨养区的2种粒色（红皮和白皮）40份春小麦的抗旱品系为试验材料,研究PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对胚根长、胚根数、胚芽鞘长和一叶长的影响。利用广义遗传力分析法,筛选春小麦萌发期抗旱性指标。胚根长的广义遗传力最高,均大于0.55,遗传力的控制程度稳定。雨养区的红粒种子胚根长的遗传力高达0.95;雨养区的红粒种子的胚芽鞘长的广义遗传力最高,达0.94,但其遗传力控制程度不稳定,最低遗传力仅为0.06;胚根数和一叶长的遗传力很低,且控制程度极不稳定。春小麦萌发期胚根长的广义遗传力最高,控制程度稳定。其次是胚芽鞘长,但其遗传力的控制程度不稳定。胚根长可作为春小麦萌发期的抗旱指标鉴定抗旱材料,以胚芽鞘的长度为参考值。

Genetic Ability of Drought Resistance Indexes of Spring Wheat at Germination Stage Under PEG Stress

To explore the effect of drought stress on the growth of spring wheat at germination stage, the drought resistance indexes were screened. Forty drought-resistant spring wheat strains with two grain colors (red and white) were studied from irrigated and rain-fed area of Ningxia. The effects of PEG-6000 simulating drought stress on radicle length, radicle number, coleoptile length and leaf length were studied. The drought resistance indexes of spring wheat were screened by broad-sense heritability analysis at germination stage. The broad-sense heritability of radicle length was the highest, greater than 0.55, and the control degree of heritability was stable. The heredity of radicle length of red seed in rain-fed area reached 0.95. The broad-sense heritability of coleoptile length of red seed in rain-fed area was the highest, up to 0.94, but its heritability control degree was not stable, and the lowest heritability was only 0.06. The broad-sense heritability of radicle number and leaf length was low and the degree of control was unstable. The broad-sense heritability of radicle length at germination stage of spring wheat was the highest and the control degree was stable. Secondly, it was the coleoptile length, but its control degree of heritability was not stable. Therefore, the length of radicle during germination of spring wheat seeds can be used as drought resistance index to identify drought resistance materials, and the length of coleoptile sheath can be used as the reference.