多花黄精不同种源种实形态性状遗传变异研究

旨在阐明多花黄精种实形态性状在种源水平上的遗传变异规律,为多花黄精优良种源选择提供理论依据。以栽植在同质栽培园的18个多花黄精种源为材料,比较了不同种源多花黄精浆果、种子的纵径、横径、侧径等形态性状,以及单果重和种子千粒重等性状的差异。多花黄精种实形态性状及其单果鲜重和种子千粒重在不同种源间均存在着极显著差异;多花黄精浆果形态性状两两之间存在极显著正相关关系,种子形态性状两两之间也存在显著或极显著正相关关系,但绝大多数浆果形态性状与种子形态性状之间的相关性不显著;多花黄精种实形态性状在种源水平上不存在明显的地理变异模式;多花黄精种子形态性状在种源水平上的广义遗传力达到强度遗传范围,能比较稳定地遗传。可以考虑利用种子千粒重这一指标作为多花黄精优良种源选择的间接指标。

Seed and Fruit of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua. With Different Provenances: Genetic Variation of Morphological Traits

To elucidate the genetic variation rule of seed and fruit morphological traits of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua. at the provenance level, and provide a theory foundation for superior provenance selection of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua., the difference of the longitudinal, transverse and lateral diameter of fruit, the longitudinal, transverse and lateral diameter of seed, single fruit weight and 1000-grain weight of seed among different provenances of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua. was compared by using 18 provenances as materials which were cultivated in the common garden experiment in Changsha. The results showed that: all the morphological traits of seed and fruit of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua. with different provenances reached highly significant difference. There was a highly significant positive correlation of fruit traits, and so was that of seed traits. However, fruit traits and seed traits only had weak correlation. The different provenances of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua. showed no obvious geographical variation. The broad sense heritability of seed morphological-traits of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua. was in strong genetic range at the provenance level, and they could be inherited stably. It is suggested that the 1000-grain weight can be used as the indirect index to select the superior provenance of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua..