柬埔寨洞里萨湖流域土地景观变化与人类活动关系浅析

利用GIS和RS技术,对柬埔寨洞里萨湖流域2003、2008和2013年土地利用数据进行解译,从土地利用的自然景观和人类景观两个方面,揭示洞里萨湖流域近10年的土地利用类型变化特征,并以研究期的柬埔寨国家法律体系和政策、经济变化特征为基础,结合实地考察调研,分析洞里萨湖流域土地利用景观变化与人类活动的关系,揭示人类活动对土地利用景观的影响及其程度。研究表明,受人类社会和经济活动的影响,柬埔寨洞里萨湖流域自然景观整体面积减少、人类景观面积整体增加,减少和增加的面积基本相等;自然景观中,减少以人类活动与自然交接区域的灌木林、疏木林和草地等脆弱的自然景观为主;人类景观中,增加以农业用地为主。洞里萨湖流域近十年的土地利用类型变化特征,说明了人类的社会和经济活动严重影响并左右着土地利用景观的变化趋势和程度。

A Brief Analysis of the Relationship Between Landscape Change and Human Activities in Tonle Sap Lake Basin,Cambodia

Based on GIS and RS technology as well as the Cambodian national legal system and economic characteristics, through the field researching, the change characteristics of the land use types are revealed after the land use data interpretation in 2003, 2008 and 2013. The study shows that under the influence of people’s social and economic activities, the overall area of natural landscape in Tonle SAP Lake Basin decreases, while the overall area of human landscape increases. The amount of the area decreased is nearly the same as that of the increased. In the natural landscape, the shrubbery, sparse wood forest and grassland may be invaded by human activities easily and are fragile and the areas mainly reduced. In the human landscape, the increase is dominated by land reclamation. The change characteristics of land use types in the Tonle SAP Lake Basin in the last ten years indicate that human social and economic activities have seriously influenced the change trend and degree of land use landscape, human has even had the power to control the change.