精益采收方式与成熟度对上部烟生理变化和感官的影响

针对当前烤烟上部叶生产中出现的问题,结合卷烟工业的需求导向,进行不同采收方式、不同成熟度的采收组合,研究其对大田生长后期烟叶主要生理指标和烤后烟叶的感官评吸的影响。结果显示,相比一次性采收上部叶1～6片,田间烟株分次采收顶部4～6片烟叶后剩余的顶1～3片叶中SOD含量明显降低,而MDA含量迅速提高,而且采收的顶1～3叶片内色素含量,和采收的顶4～6片达到显著差异程度。一次性采收上部叶时,顶1～3片叶与顶4～6片叶水分含量比率接近于1,不但能够缩小上部叶上、下叶位感官差异,还能够提高评吸得分。研究结果为烟草工、商业合作开发和利用上部叶提供了一条可行性思路。

Effects of Harvesting Method and Maturity on Physiological and Sensory Quality of Upper Tobacco Leaves

In view of the problems in the upper leaves production of flue-cured tobacco at present and the demand of cigarette industry, different combinations of harvesting methods and maturity are used to study the effects on main physiological indexes of tobacco leaves in later growth stage in field, and the sensory evaluation and sensory smoking evaluation of tobacco leaves after curing. The results show that the content of SOD in the remaining top 1-3 leaves after the top 4-6 leaves are collected at different stages is significantly lower than that in the top 1-6 leaves collected at one time, while the content of MDA is rapidly increasing. There are significant differences in pigment content between the top 1-3 leaves and the top 4-6 leaves. When the ratio of water content between the top 1-3 leaves and the top 4-6 leaves is close to 1, it can not only reduce the sensory difference between the upper and lower leaves, but also improve the scores of evaluation and absorption. The research results provide a feasible way for tobacco industry and commercial cooperation to develop and utilize upper leaves.