樟树胚萌发早期影响因素及植株再生

【目的】植物体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生受多重因素影响。为了完善樟树体细胞胚胎发生培养技术,提高其遗传转化效率,满足樟树用材的需要。【方法】本研究以樟树未成熟种子为试材,探讨了预处理、不同采种时间、活性炭、肌醇及激素浓度对樟树胚萌发早期的影响,并对不同种源樟树胚性愈伤组织诱导体细胞胚胎发生、分化、生根等进行研究。【结果】预处理对樟树幼胚萌发无显著性影响;不同的采种时间对胚萌发率和平均出芽数影响很大;随着活性炭浓度的升高,胚萌发率呈现先升高后下降的趋势;肌醇浓度对樟树幼胚萌发率和平均出芽数均无显著性影响;对6-BA、NAA、IBA和链霉素进行正交设计试验,其影响的主次顺序为:6-BA> NAA>链霉素> IBA;长沙和郴州种源樟树胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高,达66.67%,但生长情况最好的是长沙和岳阳种源胚性愈伤组织;岳阳、郴州、醴陵、长沙、怀化、娄底愈伤组织诱导体胚发生最大诱导率分别为56.41%、42.31%、48.96%、64.71%、63.25%、56.31%;各种源樟树生根率良好,长沙种源有最高生根率89.25%,郴州和醴陵种源樟树最佳生根激素配比为1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L IAA,其余种源生根最适激素均为1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/LNAA。【结论】浸泡处理不利于幼胚后期生长发育;附加150 mg/L的活性炭,培养基褐化率较低;6-BA对幼胚早期萌发占主导作用;实验时选择7月未成熟合子胚的长沙种源樟树最佳。

Study on the early influencing factors of embryo germination and plant regeneration of Cinnamomum camphora

【Objective】Plant somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration are affected by multiple factors.In order to improve the somatic embryogenesis culture technology of Cinnamomum camphora,improve its genetic transformation efficiency and meet the needs of Cinnamomum camphora.【Method】The effects of pretreatment,different time of seed selection,activated carbon,inositol and hormone concentration on somatic embryogenesis of Cinnamomum camphora were studied.【Result】Pretreatment and inositol concentration had no significant effect on embryo germination of Camphor young embryos;different time of seed collection has great influence on the embryo germination rate and average germination number;with the increase of the concentration of activated carbon,the germination rate of embryo first increased and then decreased;orthogonal design experiments were conducted on 6-BA,NAA,IBA and streptomycin,the order of its influence is:6-BA>NAA>streptomycin>IBA;the callus induction rate of Camphor embryo was higher in Changsha and Yueyang,were 66.67%,but the best growth condition was embryogenic callus from Changsha and Yueyang;the maximum induction rates of somatic embryo in Yueyang,Chenzhou,Liling,Changsha,Huaihua and Loudi callus were 56.41%,42.31%,48.96%,64.71%,63.25%and 56.31%;the rooting rate of various Cinnamomum camphora was good,and the highest rooting rate was 89.25%in Changsha provenance,in addition,the optimal rooting hormone ratio of Camphor camphora in Liling and Chenzhou were 1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L IAA,and the optimal rooting hormone ratio of the rest was 1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L NAA.【Conclusion】Soaking treatment was unfavorable to the growth and development of young embryo;the browning rate of the medium was lower when 150 mg/L activated carbon was added;6-BA played a dominant role in the early germination of young embryos;in the experiment,the immature zygote embryo in July was selected to be the best provenal Cinnamomum camphora from Changsha.