云南籽粒苋种质资源的表型多样性分析

为了系统分析云南籽粒苋种质资源的表型遗传多样性。采用遗传多样性指数、主成分分析、相关分析和聚类分析对104份云南籽粒苋种质资源的30个表型性状进行研究。结果表明,遗传多样性指数最高的质量性状和数量性状分别是主花序形状(1.68)和主花序长度(2.07)。前10个主成分累计贡献率达到73.944%,单株鲜体重与第3、第6、第9主成分极显著正相关,单株粒重与第9主成分极显著正相关。聚类分析将104份种质划分为5类,第Ⅰ类群可为间套种亲本材料,第Ⅱ和Ⅲ类群可为大粒亲本材料,第Ⅳ类群可为优质饲用亲本材料,第Ⅴ类群可为观赏类亲本材料。云南籽粒苋种质资源表型性状具有丰富的遗传多样性,有较大的开发利用潜力。

Amaranthus spp. Germplasm Resources in Yunnan: Phenotypic Diversity Analysis

The paper aims to analyze the phenotypic genetic diversity of Amaranthus spp. gerplasm resources in Yunnan. We studied 30 phenotypic traits of 104 Amaranthus spp. germplasm resources in Yunnan by using the genetic diversity index, principal component analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that: the highest quality and quantitative traits of genetic diversity index were main inflorescence shape (1.68) and main inflorescence length (2.07), respectively; the cumulative contribution rate of the first 10 principal components reached 73.944%; the fresh weight per plant was positively correlated with the third, sixth and ninth principal component, and the grain weight per plant was positively correlated with the ninth principal component. According to cluster analysis, the 104 germplasms were divided into 5 groups; group Ⅰ could be used as interplanting parent material, group Ⅱ and Ⅲ could be used as large grain parent material, and group Ⅳ could be used as high quality forage parent material, group Ⅴ could be used as ornamental parent material. The phenotypic traits of Amaranthus spp. germplasm resources in Yunnan are rich in genetic diversity and have great potential for exploitation and utilization.