硫酸盐还原菌酶学性质及应用的研究进展

文章总结了同化性硫酸盐还原和异化性硫酸盐还原2种不同的代谢途径,归纳了腺苷酰硫酸还原酶和亚硫酸盐还原酶2种关键酶的酶学性质。指出硫酸盐还原菌可利用自身的代谢特性降低农业领域的土壤重金属污染,促进农作物生长;利用其具有降解乳酸盐的功能,使白酒增己降乳;还可用于微生物燃料电池以及多环芳烃的降解等其他领域。同时硫酸盐还原菌也具有腐蚀金属的弊端,分析表明可以筛选出对硫酸盐还原菌的自我修复机制抑制程度强的金属离子或者对其进行基因工程改造,从而减少对金属腐蚀的危害。

Advances in Enzyme Properties and Applications of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria

Two different metabolic pathways of assimilative sulfate reduction and dissimilating sulfate reduction were summarized, and the enzymatic properties of two key enzymes, adenosyl sulfate reductase and sulfite reductase, were outlined. It is pointed out that the sulfate-reducing bacteria could reduce soil heavy metal pollution in agricultural fields by their own metabolic characteristics, promote the growth of crops, and degrade lactate in liquor to increase caproic acid and decrease lactic acid, and could also be used in microbial fuel cell, the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other fields. At the same time, sulfate-reducing bacteria have the disadvantage of corroding metals, and analysis has shown that metal ions with strong inhibition on the self-repair mechanism of sulfate-reducing bacteria could be screened out or genetically modified to reduce the harm of metal corrosion.