尿素中添加腐殖酸提升冬小麦产量和氮吸收效率

旨在明确腐殖酸添加量对尿素肥效的影响,为腐殖酸尿素在华北石灰性土壤冬小麦增产中的作用提供支持资料。田间条件下,通过施用不同用量腐殖酸添加剂尿素（I-VI型,腐殖酸添加量1%~6%）,与普通尿素处理作对比,比较其对改善氮素吸收和冬小麦产量持续提高的影响。试验结果表明：腐殖酸尿素添加量与冬小麦产量和氮吸收密切相关。施氮量相同时,IV型腐殖酸尿素能够显著增加冬小麦产量并促进氮素向籽粒中运移,腐殖酸尿素显著提高穗粒数（I和II型腐殖酸尿素）和千粒重（II、V和VI型腐殖酸尿素）等产量构成因素;III型腐殖酸尿素显著提高冬小麦氮吸收率,但均对锰吸收、土壤有机质含量、出苗数、分蘖数、有效蘖数和穗数等无显著促进作用。由此可见,腐殖酸尿素肥效与腐殖酸添加剂量密切相关,4%腐殖酸作为尿素添加剂时能显著增加高产冬小麦产量和构成因素,3%腐殖酸作为尿素中添加剂时显著提高氮吸收率。

Humic Acid Added in Urea Improves Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Winter Wheat

The objectives are to verify the effect of humic acid addition on urea fertilizer efficiency, and to provide evidences to increase yield of winter wheat by humic acid-urea in limy soils in the North China Plain. Compared with common urea application, the effect of different humic acid-urea (type I-VI, with 1%-6% humic acid concentration) on nitrogen uptake and yield increase of winter wheat was studied in field. The results showed that humic acid-urea addition amounts were closely correlated with winter wheat yield and nitrogen uptake. With the same nitrogen application amount, IV type humic acid-urea significantly increased yield of winter wheat and promoted nitrogen transferring to wheat grain. Meanwhile, humic acid-urea improved yield component, including number of grains per ear (type I and II humic acid-urea) and 1000-grain weight (type II, V and VI humic acid-urea). Type III humic acid-urea significantly enhanced nitrogen uptake efficiency, but there was not significant promotion for manganese uptake, soil organic matter content, emergence number, tiller number, head-producing tiller number and ear number. Therefore, fertilizer effect of humic acid-urea was closely correlated with humic acid application amounts. 4% humic acid application in urea could significantly improve yield and the components of winter wheat yield, and 3% humic acid application could significantly enhance nitrogen uptake efficiency.