碳氮比对热带地区鸡粪和蔗渣堆肥腐熟进程的影响

为了探究热带地区鸡粪和蔗渣不同配比对堆肥腐熟进程的影响,寻求最佳物料配比,本研究采用好氧堆肥的方法,研究堆肥过程中不同C/N对堆肥温度、NH₃排放、养分含量及腐熟度等理化指标的影响,探究不同C/N下畜禽粪便的堆肥效果。结果表明,C/N为20 (T1)、30 (T2)和40 (T3)处理的高温持续时间(>50℃)以上的持续时间分别为38天、32天和20天;T1处理的NH₃累积排放量显著高于其他2个处理,T2处理的NH₃挥发速率第1周内最快,说明有机质降解速度最快。随着C/N提高,其有机质含量越高,但NPK总养分含量越低。T2和T3的处理在OM、pH、NPK总养分、GI和NH₄⁺含量指标均达到堆肥标准,而T1处理堆肥结束时OM和NH₄⁺含量不符合标准。综合各个指标,C/N为30的处理为该研究中的最佳堆肥比例。

C/N Ratio: Effect on Composting of Mixtures of Chicken Manure and Bagasse in Tropical Areas

This study aims to investigate the effect of different C/N ratios on composting process of chicken manure and bagasse in tropical area, find the optimum C/N ratio, and optimize the composting parameters. The aerobic composting was used in this study, the effect of different C/N ratios on physical-chemical indexes, e.g. temperature, NH₃ volatilization, content of total nutrients and maturity were studied, and the composting effect of chicken manure and bagasse under different C/N ratios was explored. Results showed that the duration time of high composting temperature (>50℃) of different C/N ratios, which was 20 (T1), 30 (T2) and 40 (T3) respectively, was 38, 32 and 20 d. The cumulative volatilization of NH₃ in T1 treatment was significantly higher than those of the other two treatments. The volatilization rate of NH₃ in T2 treatment was the fastest in the first week, indicated that the degradation rate of organic matter was the fastest. The content of OM was increased followed the increase of C/N ratio. Contrarily, total nutrient content of NPK were decreased. The OM, pH, NPK total nutrient, GI and NH₄⁺content of C/N ratio in T2 and T3 treatment reached the composting standards, while the content of OM and NH₄⁺ from C/N ratio in T1 treatment did not meet the standards at the end of composting. Taken together, the treatment of 30 C/N ratio is the best for aerobic composting in the study.