黄土高原西部地区春小麦不同抗旱耐瘠生态类型的聚类分析

种植抗旱耐瘠、水分利用效率高的春小麦生态类型,是黄土高原西部地区实现粮食自给,退耕还林还草、恢复植被、减少水土流失的关键措施。本文通过对不同抗旱耐瘠类型春小麦的21个状分析表明,引起不同类型间差异的主要性状是:穗部二粒、四粒和三粒小穗占穗部总小穗数的比率和穗粒数;其次为株高和株型率。抗旱耐瘠类型的基本特征为:没有(或很少)四粒小穗和二粒小穗数多,穗粒数少,株型率低,株高较高,旗叶面积小,穗节指数高;水肥类型则相反;中间类型介于二者之间。

Cluster analysis of different drought resistances and sterility tolerance ecotypes of spring wheat in western area of the loess plateau

Cultivation of the spring wheat ecotypes with different drought resistances,sterility tolernce and high water use efficiency is an important approach to realize self-supplying of grain food,returning farmland into grassland and woodland,recovery of vegetation,reduction of water loss and soil erosion.Through the study on 21 characters of spring wheat ecotypes with different drought resistances and sterility tolerance,the results shou that the major characters of causing variances of different ecotypes,firstly were the ratios of the number of two-grain spikelets,the number of four-grain spikelets and the number of three-grain spikelets to the total spikelets nmber of an ear respectively;secondly were plant height and the ratio of plant pattern.the basic characters of ecotypes with drought resistances and sterility tolerance were no (or few) four-grain spikelets,a lot of two-grain spikelets,a low grain count,low ratio if plant pattern,relatively plant height great,small flag area and high index of earinternode.It was ontrary to the ecotypes adapted to growing in wet and fertile soil.And it was the two aspects above that intermediated ecotypes.