发生分类高山土与系统分类参比特征

本文利用最新建立的1:100万中国土壤数据库,研究了我国发生分类高山土与中国土壤系统分类的参比及其在系统分类下的空间分布和数量特征。结果表明,我国发生分类高山土总面积为197.8万km2,分布规律明显;高山土参比后分属于4个系统分类土纲,雏形土、干旱土、新成土、均腐土,它们分别占高山土总面积的50.2%、29.8%、15.1%、4.9%,其中包含了系统分类的11个土类和19个亚类,参比关系复杂,不是简单一对一的关系。分析高山土参比后分属的系统分类不同类型土壤面积比例及其标准偏差,表明土壤参比的单元级别越低,越易于参比和把握,进一步开展土壤系统分类的基层分类研究显得十分必要。发生分类到系统分类的参比关系复杂,参比难度大,原因在于它们的分类体系和划分标准是完全不同的。研究结果对于土壤类型的正确参比具有很好的参考应用价值。

CHARACTERISTICS OF REFERENCING BETWEEN GSCC AND CST FOR GSCC-HIGH-MOUNTAIN-SOILS

Referencing between the Genetic Soil Classification of China (GSCC) and the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) for GSCC-High-Mountain-Soils was conducted and their quantitative and spatial distribution characteristics within CST were studied, based on the 1:1M Soil Database of China, which consists of 3 parts, 1:1M digital soil map, soils profiles attribution database and soil reference system of China. GSCC-High-Mountain-Soils, typical soils with a total area of 197.8×104 km², can be sorted into 4 CST Orders, Cambosols (50.2%), Aridosols (29.8%), Primosols (15.1%) and Isohumosols (4.9%), and further into 11 CST Groups and 19 CST Subgroups, making referencing so complicated that there is no one-to-one referencing relationship, due to the fact that the 2 soil classification systems are absolutely different. Analysis of the area proportions and standard deviations of a certain GSCC soil classified to CST showed that the lower the unit in referencing, the easier the referencing would be. In order to make CST more practical and easier to popularize, it is essential and urgent to keep on studying and developing CST at lower unit level to establish basic soil classification units of CST. The result of the study is of high reference value to performance of proper referencing between GSCC and CST and application and development of CST.