Factors affecting fertilization and embryonic development during intracytoplasmic sperm injection in pigs |
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Authors: | Nakai Michiko Kashiwazaki Naomi Ito Junya Maedomari Naoki Ozawa Manabu Shino Masao Noguchi Junko Kaneko Hiroyuki Kikuchi Kazuhiro |
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Affiliation: | National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan. nakai3@affrc.go.jp |
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Abstract: | In intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique, a sperm was injected into ooplasm directly using a glass pipette. The fertilization physiology in ICSI is considered quite different from that of the natural fertilization. The different mechanisms for fertilization may be the causes of various results in ICSI. In this paper, we focus on the state of sperm membranes, nuclear or DNA integrity during ICSI procedure and discuss the influence of these factors on fertilization and embryonic development. We also introduce some examples in application of ICSI for new technologies in pigs. |
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