玫瑰花柱提取液对玫瑰及月季花粉管离体生长的影响

【目的】观察玫瑰（Rosa rugosa）花柱提取液对玫瑰及月季（R. chinensis）花粉管离体生长的影响，探讨玫瑰与月季种间杂交不亲和性机理。【方法】使用玫瑰花柱提取液对玫瑰及月季花粉进行培养，花粉管顶端囊泡采用FM4-64标记，花粉管顶端钙离子采用Fluo-3AM标记，在激光共聚焦显微镜下观测。花粉管形态变化采用光学显微镜观测。【结果】经玫瑰花柱提取液处理，玫瑰花粉管形态正常，而月季花粉管在生长过程中发生扭曲、开裂等现象，花粉管顶端囊泡区域化分布不明显，钙离子浓度下降，钙梯度消失，钙波微弱，花粉管顶端有部分细胞壁增厚，产生胼胝质。【结论】玫瑰花柱提取液影响月季花粉管顶端囊泡分泌、钙离子分布，使花粉管生长停止，并在花粉管顶端产生大量胼胝质。由此推测玫瑰与月季种间杂交不亲和的原因之一可能是玫瑰花柱通过影响月季花粉管顶端囊泡分泌、钙离子分布抑制花粉管生长，并且在生长停止的花粉管顶端产生胼胝质沉积。

Effect of the Extracted Solution from the Style of Rosa rugosa on the Growth in Vitro of Pollen Tube of R. rugosa and R. chinensis

【Objective】The effect of the extracted solution from the style of Rosa rugosa on the growth in vitro of pollen tube of R.rugosa and R.chinensis was observed to probe the incompatible mechanism of interspecies cross between R.rugosa and R.chinensis.【Method】The pollens of R.rugosa and R.chinensis were cultured by using the extracted solution from the style of R.rugosa,with the apical vesicle of pollen tube marked by FM4-64 and the apical calcium marked by Fluo-3AM,then observed under the laser confocal microscope.The morphological changes of pollen tube were observed by optical microscope.【Result】Treated by the extracting solution from the style of R.rugosa,the pollen tube form of R.rugosa was normal,while that of R.chinensis was distorted and crazed during the pollen tube growth course.The regional distribution of the apical vesicle of pollen tubes was not obvious,calcium concentration declined,calcium gradient disappeared,calcium wave weakened,and some cell walls of the pollen tube tips thickened and resulted in callose.【Conclusion】The extracted solution from the style of R.rugosa affects the apical vesicle secretion and calcium distribution of pollen tube in R.chinensis,so that the growth of pollen tube is prevented and a large amount of callose is produced on the tip of the pollen tube.The result suggests that one reason of the incompatibility of interspecies cross between R.rugosa and R.chinensis may be the effect of R.rugosa style.The style of R.rugosa may affect the apical vesicle secretion and calcium distribution of pollen tube in R.chinensis to prevent its growth,besides,there is a large amount of callose produced on the top of the stagnant pollen tube.