玉米品种的抗病性评价及与农艺性状的灰色关联度分析

为了研究玉米农艺性状和病害抗性的关系,选育出高产高抗的玉米品种,以联合体玉米区试的19个品种进行病害的抗性鉴定,用灰色关联度分析法分析农艺性状与病害抗性的关系。结果表明：19个品种对茎基腐病和穗腐病的抗性都强,对丝黑穗病和矮花叶病的抗性都弱,对大斑病的抗性中等;与产量关联度最密切的出籽率与茎基腐病关系最密切,对产量影响次之的是穗腐病,对产量影响排名第四的百粒重与大斑病关系密切,之后的穗行数与丝黑穗病关联度最大,与产量成正相关的株高与矮花叶病关联密切。因此,结合玉米农艺性状与病害抗性的灰色关联度分析和抗病性鉴定,应着重丝黑穗病、大斑病和矮花叶病的抗性选择。

Disease Resistance of Maize Varieties: Evaluation and Its Grey Correlation with Agronomic Characters

The aims are to study the relationship between agronomic characters and disease resistance of maize, and to breed maize varieties with high yield and high disease resistance. The disease resistance of 19 varieties in the regional trial of maize in the consortium was identified, and the relationship between agronomic characters and disease resistance was analyzed by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that all the 19 varieties had strong resistance to stem base rot and ear rot, weak resistance to head smut and dwarf mosaic, and medium resistance to large leaf spot. The kernel ratio, which was most closely related to yield, had the closest relationship with stem base rot. Ear rot was the second important factor that affected the yield. 100-grain weight, which ranked fourth in the impact on the yield, was closely related to large leaf spot, and kernel row number was most closely related to head smut. The plant height, which was positively related to the yield, had close relationship with dwarf mosaic. Therefore, the grey correlation analysis and disease resistance identification combining maize agronomic characters with disease resistance should emphasize the selection of resistance to head smut, large leaf spot and dwarf mosaic.