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Nitrex: The timing of response of coniferous forest ecosystems to experimentally-changed nitrogen deposition |
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| Authors: | A Tietema R F Wright K Blanck A W Boxman M Bredemeier B A Emmett P Gundersen H Hultberg O J Kjønaas F Moldan J G M Roelofs P Schleppi A O Stuanes N Van Breemen |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Physical Geography and Soil Science, Univ. of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018, VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Kjels?s, Box 173, 0411, Oslo, Norway 3. Institute for Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, Univ. of G?ttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, G?ttingen, Germany 4. Department of Ecology, University of Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500, GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands 5. Research Centre Forest Ecosystems, Univ. of G?ttingen, Habichtsweg 55, 37075, G?ttingen, Germany 6. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, UWB Deiniol Road, L57 2UP, Bangor, UK 7. Danish Forest and Landscape Research Institute, Hoersholm Kongevej 11, DK-2970, Hoersholm, Denmark 8. Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 47086, 40258, Gothenburg, Sweden 9. Norwegian Forest Research Institute, H?gskoleveien 12, 1432, ?s, Norway 10. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstra?e 111, 8903, Birmersdorf, Switzerland 11. Institute of Soil and Water Sciences, Agricultural Univ. of Norway, 1432, ?s, Norway 12. Department of Geology and Soil Science, Wageningen Agricultural University, Box 37, 6700, Wageningen, The Netherlands |
| Abstract: | In large regions of Europe and eastern North America atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen (N) compounds has greatly increased the natural external supply to forest ecosystems. This leads to N saturation, in which availability of inorganic N is in excess of biological demand and the ecosystem is unable to retain all incoming N. The large-scale experiments of the NITREX project (NITRogen saturation EXperiments) are designed to provide information regarding the patterns and rates of responses of coniferous forest ecosystems to increases in N deposition and the reversibility and recovery of impacted ecosystems following reductions in N deposition.The timing of ecosystem response generally followed a hypothesized  cascade of response . In all sites N outputs have responded markedly but to very different degrees within the first three years of treatment. Within this time significant effects on soil processes and on vegetation have only been detected at two sites. This delayed response is explained by the large capacity of the soil system to buffer the increased N supply by microbial immobilization and adsorption. We believe that this concept provides a framework for the evaluation and prediction of the ecosystem response to environmental change. |
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