我国人参产区灰霉病菌抗药性研究初报

人参灰霉病给人参生产造成巨大损失。本研究选取人参生产上常用的4种杀菌剂,对东北人参产区分离的102株灰霉菌进行抗性检测。结果表明,灰霉菌对多菌灵carbendazim(C)、嘧霉胺pyrimethanil(P)、异菌脲iprodione(I)、咯菌腈fludioxonil(F)的抗性频率分别为100%、86.27%、73.53%和30.39%,辽宁和吉林分离菌株对嘧霉胺、异菌脲的抗性高于3省平均水平。分离菌株对4种杀菌剂共有7种抗性类型,即C_RP_RI_RF_S、C_RP_RI_RF_R、C_RP_RI_SF_S、C_RP_SI_SF_S、C_RP_SI_RF_S、C_RP_RI_SF_R和C_RP_SI_SF_R,其所占比例分别为39.22%、26.47%、14.71%、7.84%、5.88%、4.90%和0.98%,未发现对4种杀菌剂均敏感的灰霉菌菌株。研究结果对于指导人参产区防治灰霉病杀菌剂的合理选用,有效降低人参农药残留,延缓灰霉菌抗性产生具有重要意义。

Preliminary report of the resistance of Botrytis cinerea isolates from ginseng producing area to four fungicides in China

Gray mold causes great damage to ginseng production. In the present work, 102 strains of Botrytis cinerea were isolated from ginseng collected from 20 ginseng producing area, and their resistance to four types of fungicides was determined by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Results indicated that the resistance ratio of B.cinerea against carbendazim (C), pyrimethanil (P), iprodione (I) and fludioxonil (F) were 100%, 8627%, 73.53% and 30.39%, respectively. Resistance of B.cinerea isolates from Liaoning and Jilin provinces were higher than the mean. Furthermore, seven resistance types, CRPRIRFS, CRPRIRFR, CRPRISFS, CRPSISFS, CRPSIRFS, CRPRISFR and CRPSISFR, were detected, accounting for 39.22%, 26.47%, 14.71%, 7.84%, 588%, 4.90% and 0.98%, respectively. B.cinerea isolates susceptible to four fungicides have not been found. The results are important for guiding the reasonable selection of fungicides for ginseng grey mold control, effectively reducing ginseng pesticide residues and delaying the emergence of resistant isolates.