湖南省水土流失的成因分析及防治对策

湖南省水土流失面积达40393km2,占全省总面积的19.07%,是水土流失较严重的地区。从地理、气象、人为等因素对湖南省的水土流失进行了分析。结果表明,南高北低的地理特征,降雨量山地大于平原的气候条件,植被破坏的人为因素是造成水土流失的主要原因。据此,提出了从山地到平原,从支流到干流,从生态集雨到灌排结合的治理模式,从而达到防止水土流失和改善生态环境的目的。

Causes of Soil and Water Loss and its Countermeasures in Hu'nan Province

The area of soil erosion in Hu'nan Province amounts to 40 393 km~2, covering 19.07% of the total area of Hu'nan Province. It is a comparatively serious area in soil erosion. The soil erosion of Hu'nan Province is analyzed from the geography, weather, human factor etc. The main reasones of soil erosion are that the south is higher than north in the geography characteristics, the rainfall of mountain area is higher in plain in the weather condition, vegetation is broken by the human factor. Therefore, the treatment mode is put forward from the mountain area to the plain, from anabranch to main stream, from zoology collecting rain to irrigation and drainage. Thus achieve the purpose of preventing the soil erosion and improving zoology environment.