云南橡胶树小蠹虫研究

云南植胶区橡胶树小蠹虫为4个科17个种的小蠹虫群体,是主要蛀食橡胶树死亡组织的次期性害虫,长期生存在橡胶林中。1990年后,橡胶树小蠹虫为害逐渐明显,表现大量发生,虫害树快速死亡,造成严重的经济损失。经2000～2007年的研究表明:橡胶树小蠹虫种群结构已发生重要变化,活蛀性的角面长小蠹(Platypussecrelus Sampson)、小杯长小蠹(P.calicutus Chapuis)已发展成为优势种,致使橡胶树小蠹虫种群从次要害虫逐渐变为主要害虫,成为橡胶树衰退重要的促进因素(Contributing factors);橡胶树衰退,特别是过度的乙烯利刺激割胶导致的橡胶树衰退,是促变小蠹虫群体结构并逐渐发展成为主要害虫的主要诱因。因此,提高管理水平,调控生产技术,使胶林生态系统达到新的平衡,才是有效地控制橡胶树衰退趋势和控制小蠹虫为害于经济阈值之下的正确途径。

Study on Bark Beetle in Rubber Plantations of Yunnan Province

Bark beetles damaging rubber tree are bark beetle colony which belong to 17 species of 4 families in rubber plantation area of Yunnan province.They live on the death parts of rubber tree.The occurrence of bark beetle had occured seriously which resulted in great economic loss since 1990.The results from research in the year of 2000 to 2007 showed that there were great changes in population and structure of bark beetles.Platypus secrslus Sampson which ate living trees and P.calicutus chapuis had developed to dominant species and had become contributing factors caused rubber tree decline.The excessive ethylene stimulation on rubber tree had changed the community structure of bark beetle and made it become the main pest of rubber tree.Therefore,measures on management and production technology should be taken in order to controlling bark beetle effectively.