利用多源遥感对吉兰泰盐湖沙漠侵害研究

利用航天飞机 SIR- A,SIR- B,SIR- C/ X- SAR以及雷达卫星 Radarsat Scan SAR和陆地资源卫星L andsat TM等多源遥感数据对吉兰泰盐湖沙侵的物源地、来向、流沙通道与受害情况进行动态监测与分析 ,结果表明 :吉兰泰盐湖沙害是外来沙而非自生沙 ,吉兰泰盐湖从干盐湖中期直接向沙下湖阶段发展 ,是西北自然干旱环境背景与当地人为因素对环境影响共同促成的 ;通过多源遥感分析 ,首次明确揭示了吉兰泰盐湖沙害物质来源于雅玛雷克沙条带 ,其流沙通道为切割巴音乌拉山的干 (古 )河道 ;通过 TM两个时相对比分析表明 ,1988～1997年植树种草和向盐湖注水提高卤水水位的“盐湖补水与沙害治理一体化工程”取得了明显效果 ,沙害面积减少了 5 / 6 ,从原来受害面积 30 km2 减少为不足 5 km2 ,表明了人为因素在脆弱的环境动态变化中的重要作用

Monitor of Sand-drift Invaded Jartai Salt Lake Using Multi-S ource Remote Sensing Data

Using multi-source remote sensing data ofSIR-A,SIR-B,SIR-C/X-SAR, Radarsa t ScanSAR and Landsat TM dynamically,the material source, mo ving route and situation of harm of sand-drift invading in Jartai Salt Lake reg ion were monitored and analyzed. The research results are listed as follows: ① Sand calamity in Jartai Sal t Lake region comes from exotic but not autogenic sand desert. The Salt Lak e developments from mid-period of playa to undersand lake were caused mainly b y natural factor of aridity environment and behavior of human's excess exploit. ② By mu lti-source remote sensing data's analysis, sand calamity's material comes f rom Yamalike sand strip, and drifting sand's channel-ways is dry or old river channel that cut Bayinwula mountain. ③ By comparison and analysis of two time phase, in April of 1988 and April of 1997, of Landsat TM data, the work of plan t tree and growing grass which obstructs drifting sand gets so notable effect th at the area of sand calamity from 30 km2 reduced to 5 km2.