水稻田优势产甲烷细菌的分离和特性

从浙江农业大学华家池实验农场连作早、晚稻的土中,分离到五株优势的产甲烷细菌菌株.其中的8901,8902和8903菌株为杆状,能利用H_2/CO_2和甲酸,8901和8902菌株还能利用异丙醇为生长和产甲烷的基质,它们的最适生长温度为40℃,与栖息环境温度不相一致,其最适生长pH为7.0～7.5.8904和8905菌株为八叠球菌形,首次报道了8904菌株细胞表面具有花生壳网纹状结构,此外,分离到的五株菌株未检测出具有乙炔还原酶活性.根据形态和其他生理特性,8903菌株为甲酸甲烷杆菌(Methanobacterium formicicum),8904菌株为巴氏甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina barkeri),8905菌株为马氏甲烷八叠球菌(Ms.mazei),8901菌株和8902菌株属甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium spp.),其确切地位尚待进一步确定.

bolation and characterization of dominant methanogens.

Five strains which were dominant were isolated from paddy soil at the experiment farm of Zhejiang Agricultural University by strict Hungate anaerobic technique, and were named strain 8901, 8902, 8903 , 8904 and 8905. Strain 8901, 8902 and 8903 were rod, and could use H2/CO2 and formate. The former two strains could also use isopropionol. Strain 8904 and 8905 were sarcina-form, and could use H2/CO2, methanol, acetate and methylamines. It was observed for the first time that the surface ultrastructure of cells of strain 8904 had reticular structure, liked that on the surface of coat of peanut. According to their morphology and physiological charcateristic, strain 8903 was identified as Methanobacterium formicicumt Strain 8904 as Methanosarcina barkeri; strain 8905 as Mr mazei; strain 8901 and 8902 as Methanobacterium spp..