生猪养殖小区污水处理前后污染物产量及浓度的变化研究

[目的]研究＂干清粪＋水冲＂生产模式条件下生猪养殖小区污水经沼气池一级处理前后污染物产量和浓度的变化情况,为科学合理地利用污水和减少环境污染提供参考。[方法]分别在春、夏、秋、冬4个季节连续3d利用量水槽测量生猪养殖小区的污水产生量,同时采集污水样品用于测定经沼气池一级处理前后污水的pH值、化学需氧量、氨氮、凯氏氮、总P、Cu、Zn和K的浓度。[结果]污水经沼气池一级处理前后每头猪每天的平均污水产生量由原来的（6.25±0.57）L减少为（5.68±0.58）L;除氨氮浓度外,其他污染物浓度均有不同程度的降低,其中化学需氧量、总P、Cu、Zn和K的去除率分别为67.21%、50.83%、78.28%、77.47%和20.92%。[结论]沼气池在净化猪场污水方面起着重要作用,但该生猪养殖小区的污水经沼气池一级处理后其污染物指标未能达到《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》和《农田灌溉水质标准》的规定要求。

Production and Pollutants Concentration of Pig Farm Wastewater Treated before and after with Methane Tank

[Objective]To investigate the production and pollutants concentration of pig farm wastewater treated primarily with methane tank in order to find the comprehensive measures of treating pig farm sewage efficiently and reduce the pollution of wastewater on environment.[Method]Wastewater production was measured and samples were collected before and after methane tank treatment for 3 d in spring,summer,autumn and winter,and their pH value,COD,NH3-N,Kethal-N,total phosphorus,Cu,and K concentration were determined,respectively.[Result]Average daily production of wastewater for each pig before and after treatment with methane tank were (6.25±0.57) L and (5.68 ±0.58) L,respectively.The concentration of other pollutants including COD,total phosphorus,Cu,Zn and K decreased of 67.21%、 50.83% 、78.28% ,77.47% and 20.92% ,respectively,except for NH3-N.[Conclusion]Methane tank played a very important role in purifying pig farm wastewater,but the concentration of pollutants are not meet the requirement of the discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding and the standards for the farmland irrigation water quality.