我国常用玉米自交系光合特性的研究

对我国14个省、市（区）132份玉米自交系资源叶片光合特性的研究表明，在同一测定条件下自交系内各单株光合速率的变异系数集中在3%～18%，而自交系间的为24.73%，经方差分析玉米自交系间光合速率存在极显著差异。我国目前常用132份自交系光合速率(CO#-2)平均值为26.66μmol/(m#+2·s),变幅在40.80～10.48μmol/(m#+2·s)，呈偏常态分布。132份自交系可明显地被聚成光合速率高、较高、中等和低4种类群，并以光合速率中等（占47.0%）和较高(占31.1%)两种类群为主。光合速率高的自交系为沈137、多05、武TP、T#-1/R#-（mo17）O#-2、中群14、11-43、多18-15、5005、多9116、金黄98和中系042，是一组光合生理育种利用价值高的特异种质资源材料。此外，玉米自交系在典型高产区（河北万全）比在北京表现出光合速率绝对值高（31.30%）和种间差异小的趋势。

A Study on Photosynthetic Rates of Inbred Lines Extensively Used in China

The net photosynthetic rates of 132 inbred lines from 14 provinces, cities (autonomous regiones) in China were studied with infrared rays CO2 gas analyzer in the project. Analysis of variance with experimental results showed that the difference of leaf photosynthetic rates among inbred lines of maize was siginificant at 1% level. The average value of photosynthetic rates (CO2) measured under the same conditions with 132 inbred lines was 26.66mol/(m2s). The range of varying intensity was 10.484080mol/(m2s). The variation coefficient of photosynthetic rates of individuals within an inbred line was 3% and was 24s% among inbred lines. 11 inbred lines regarded as high photosynthetic rate resources were screened out, including Shen 137, Duo 05, Wu TP, T1/Rmo17O2, Zhongqun 14, 1143, Duo 1815, 5005, Duo 9116, Jinhuang 98 and Zhongxi 042. The values of photosynthetic rates were higher, and the differences among inbred lines were smaller respectively in Wanquan, Hebei than that in Beijing.