甘蔗F1群体构建及主要农艺性状遗传变异分析

分离群体是进行作物遗传图谱构建、性状遗传研究、性状调控关键基因挖掘和种质资源创新利用的重要基础。本研究利用‘崖城94-46’和‘新台糖22号’杂交获得了209个杂交单株,通过SSR标记鉴定真假杂种和剔除病死单株,获得了1个包含145个杂交后代的F₁群体。F₁群体主要农艺性状遗传变异分析表明,8个性状都存在双向超亲现象,变异系数范围为9.23%~56.78%,8个性状的频数分布均呈连续正态分布,均为由多基因控制的数量性状。相关分析和逐步回归分析表明,甘蔗丛重与株高、茎径和丛有效茎显著正相关,决定系数为0.92;丛糖含量主要由株高、茎径、锤度和丛有效茎4个因素决定,决定系数为0.94。研究结果为利用甘蔗F₁群体开展遗传研究奠定基础,同时为甘蔗育种中重点选择性状确定提供参考。

Construction of Sugarcane F1 Population and Main Agronomic Traits Genetic Variation Analysis

Segregation population is an important basis for genetic linkage map construction,trait inheritance studying,key gene mining and germplasm resource innovated utilization.In this study,209 seedlings derived from‘Yacheng 94-46’and‘ROC 22’were identified by SSR markers,and a F₁ population were constructed containing 145 clones combined with filed evaluation.Traits genetic variation analysis of F₁ population revealed that eight traits were quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes.The traits were transgressive segregation on both sides.The variation coefficients of the traits ranged from 9.23%to 56.78%,and the frequency distribution showed continuous normal distribution.Correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that sugarcane clump weight was positively correlated with plant height,stalk diameter and clump effective stalk number,with a determination coefficient of 0.92.And the content of sucrose was mainly determined by four factors including plant height,stalk diameter,brix and clump effective stalk number with a determination coefficient of 0.94.The results would lay a foundation for the genetic research on sugarcane F₁ population and provide a reference for the determination of key selected traits in sugarcane breeding.