Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the fungicide imazalil in citrus fruits |
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Authors: | Watanabe E Watanabe S Ito S Hayashi M Watanabe T Yuasa Y Nakazawa H |
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Institution: | Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Imazalil has been widely used in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of residual imazalil in citrus fruits. A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) generated to the synthetic imazalil hapten (EIT-0073)-protein conjugate was used. This assay was applied to lemon, orange, and grapefruit matrices for an imazalil analysis. The acceptable residue level for lemons, oranges, and grapefruits in Japan is 5 ppm. The matrix interference was minimized by direct dilution of the sample homogenate. No further cleanup was needed. The detection limit for imazalil in these citrus fruits was 0.1 ng/mL. The recovery of each fortified citrus fruit sample was >81.0%. The imazalil recovery measured by the proposed ELISA was compared to the recovery determined by a conventional HPLC. A good correlation was observed between the proposed ELISA and the HPLC. This proposed ELISA would be useful for monitoring for residual imazalil. |
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