鄂通两头乌与通城猪生长、胴体、肉质性状及血液生理生化指标的比较

为评价以通城猪为母本与瘦肉型大白猪杂交培育的新品种鄂通两头乌的培育效果,对鄂通两头乌和通城猪进行同期对比试验,测定生长性状、胴体性状(胴体长、背膘厚、眼肌面积和瘦肉率等)、肉质性状(肉色、滴水损失、大理石纹和肌内脂肪含量等)以及血液生理生化指标。结果显示,鄂通两头乌日增重((596.27±90.24)g/d)极显著高于通城猪((513.28±90.31) g/d,P0.01),瘦肉率(49.56%±2.21%)极显著高于通城猪(43.47%±1.39%,P0.01),背膘厚((34.73±0.94) mm)极显著低于通城猪((38.80±0.96) mm,P0.01);通城猪大理石纹评分与肌内脂肪含量分别为3.47±1.16、3.45%±1.11%,与通城猪相比,鄂通两头乌肉质性状中除了肌内脂肪含量(2.72%±0.87%)有降低外,其他肉质性状指标均无显著性差异;两品种仅部分血液生理生化指标有显著差异。结果表明,鄂通两头乌在保留通城猪优良肉质性状的同时其生长和胴体性状得到了有效改良。

Comparative analysis of growth,carcass,meat quality traits and blood physiological and biochemical indexes of Etong Two-End-Black and Tongcheng pigs

Tongcheng pig is an excellent representative of local pig breeds in China. It has the advantages of good motherhood,tolerance to roughage,and tender,juicy and delicious meat,but it also has the problems of slow growth,thick back fat and low lean meat rate. Therefore,in order to make use of the good meat quality of Tongcheng pig and improve its disadvantageous traits,the lean meat type large white pig was introduced to cultivate a new breed of Etong Two-End-Black. To evaluate the breeding effect of Etong Two-End-Black(Tongcheng pig female×lean-meat large white male),the growth traits,carcass traits(carcass length,backfat thickness,loin eye area,percentage of lean meat,etc.),meat quality traits(meat color,dripping loss,marbling and intramuscular fat content,etc.) and blood physiological and biochemical indexes were measured in Etong Two-End-Black and Tongcheng pigs. The results showed that the daily gain of the Etong Two-End-Black pig was (596.27±90.24) g/d,which was significantly higher than that of the Tongcheng pig ((513.28±90.31) g/d,P<0.01). The lean meat percentage of Etong Two-End-Black was 49.56%±2.21%,which was significantly higher than that of Tongcheng(43.47%±1.39%,P<0.01). The backfat thickness of Etong Two-End-Black was (34.73±0.94) mm,which was significantly lower than that of Tongcheng ((38.80±0.96) mm,P<0.01). The Marbling score and intramuscular fat content of Tongcheng were 3.47±1.16 and 3.45%±1.11%,respectively. There were no significant differences in other meat quality traits between the two breeds,except for intramuscular fat content (2.72%±0.87%),which was lower in Etong Two-End-Black. In addition,only part of the blood physiological and biochemical indexes between the two breeds were significant different. The results illustrated that Etong Two-End-Black has improved the growth and carcass traits while retaining the excellent meat quality traits of Tongcheng pigs. Therefore,the study can provide scientific basis for further popularization and utilization of Etong Two-End-Black.