八月酥等14个梨品种自交不亲和基因(S基因)型的鉴定

多数梨品种自花授粉不结实,生产上要合理配置授粉品种才能获得应有的产量。鉴定梨品种的S基因型,能为梨园合理配置授粉品种提供依据。以我国育成的梨品种为试材,利用特异引物PCR产物的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离及DNA序列分析,鉴定出了14个梨品种的自交不亲和基因型(S基因型),并通过统计部分品种的田间人工授粉的坐果率以及应用荧光显微镜观察异花授粉后花柱内的花粉管生长情况来验证鉴定出的梨品种S基因型的可靠性。这些品种的S基因型为:八月酥S3S16、绿云S3S29、谢花甜S29S34、香茌S1S21、脆绿S3S4、新雅S4S34、雅青S4S34、伊犁红句句S22S28、猪嘴酥S19S22、假直把子S5S19、青魁S1S3、德胜香S3S29、张掖长把S3S29、金坠梨S21S34。

Identification of S-genotypes in 14 Pear cultivars

Pear exhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) that is controlled by a single S-locus with multi-alleles. Most cultivars are self-unfertile, or only have a very low fruit set. Classifying pear S-genotypes are useful for breeding programs and help choice of suitable pollinators. Using specific primers, DNA of 14 Chinese-bred pear cultivars were carried out on PCR and PAGE. S-genotypes of these cultivars were identified by analysis of DNA sequencing. The results were confirmed by fruit set of some cultivars and microscopic observation of pollen tube. The S-genotypes of these cultivars were determined as follows: Bayuesu was S3S16, Lvyun S3S29, Xiehuatian S29S34, Xiangchi S1S21, Cuilv S3S4, Xinya S4S34,Yaqing S4S34,Yilihongjuju S22S28, Zhuzhuisu S19S22, Jiazhibazi S5S19, Qingkui S1S3, Deshengxiang S3S29, Zhangyechangba S3S29,Jinzhuili S21S34.