坡耕地保护性耕作冬小麦增产机理的研究

利用长期定位试验在豫西旱区坡耕地上对不同保护性耕作下冬小麦主要生育期的土壤温度、土壤养分、水分动态、干物质积累和小麦产量进行研究。结果表明:深松和免耕覆盖土壤含水量较高,深松与免耕覆盖技术能够提高土壤肥力,越冬期保护性耕作5 cm地温较低,而0~30 cm地温相差不大。深松覆盖在灌浆期土壤日均地温较低,有利于防御干热风对小麦的危害。小麦中后期深松覆盖和免耕干物质积累量较多,能延缓小麦植株衰老。

Study on the Mechanism of Yield Increment of Winter Wheat under Conservation Tillage on Sloping Dryland

A long-term field experiment was conducted in the semi-humid arid areas of the west of Henan province to study the soil temperature,soil fertility,soil water dynamics,dry matter accumulation and yield of winter wheat under different conservation tillage.The results showed that no-tillage and sub-soiling tillage stored more water in the soil and increased soil fertility,and diurnal variation of soil temperature of 5 cm at over wintering stage was relatively low,soil temperature did not alter greatly at 0-30 cm soil depth.Soil temperature under sub-soiling tillage was relatively low at the filling stage,which could defend the wheat from the impairment of dry hot wind.No-tillage and sub-soiling tillage improved the accumulation of dry matter during the later growing stage of winter wheat,and postponed plant co-senescence in wheat.