作用于钠通道受体的海产源神经毒素研究概况

阐述了几种重要的钠通道受体神经毒素,包括麻痹性贝毒、短裸甲藻毒素、西加毒素等的毒源、理化特性、毒理效应、临床症状及检测方法。麻痹性贝毒通过食物链传递而富集于石房蛤、贻贝、扇贝及某些蟹类体内,阻滞钠离子通透,造成神经系统传输障碍而产生麻痹作用。短裸甲藻毒素由短裸甲藻产生,与钠通道受体靶部位Ⅵ结合。西加毒素由岗比毒甲藻产生,通过食物链富集于海洋鱼类体内。与钠通道受体靶部位VI结合,激活钠通道,增加钠离子通透性。检测方法有鼠生物法, ELISA, 高效液相色谱法(HPLC)等。

The Survey of Neurotoxins Acting on Sodium Channel Receptor

In this paper, the origin, the biochemistry characteristics, the toxic effects, the clinic symptoms and the assays of neurotoxins which act on sodium channel receptors are reviewed.PSP is produced by Gonylaecac, and is enriched in clams sea-mussels scallops and some kind of crabs through food chain. It blocks the transit of Na~ that leads to anesthesia. The main assay methods for PSP are mice assay irradiation-immune assay and ELISA. TTX is produced by bacterium and is enriched in marine organisms, mainly in globefish. It blocks the transit of Na~ that leads to anesthesia of nerve and muscle. The assay methods are thin-layer chromatography HPLC,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and capillary electrophoresis. PbTX is produced by Ptychodiscus brevis and Gymnodinium breve. It acts on Na~ channel receptor VI. The assay methods are mice assay irradiation-immune assay and ELISA. CTX is produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus dinoflagellate and is enriched in marine fish. It acts on Na~ channel receptor VI and activates Na~ channel. The assay methods include mice assay irradiation-immune assay ELISA,HPLC MS SPIA and MIA.