云南外来入侵植物研究

在查阅资料及多年实地观察的基础上,首次系统地对云南的外来入侵植物进行了研究。明确了云南现有的外来入侵植物计有129种,经对这些植物进行种类、来源、性状的构成以及危害程度的统计分析。结果表明,云南的外来入侵植物有39科,86属。含5种以上的有8科,来源于南美热带的种类最多,达63种,占云南外来入侵植物种数的49%;草本植物97种,占云南外来入侵植物种数的75%。依据这些外来入侵植物在云南的分布情况和在其分布地的优势度并予赋值,以此划分它们的危害等级。具Ⅰ级危害程度的有6种,Ⅱ级危害程度的有34种,Ⅲ级危害程度的有89种。据此得出云南外来入侵植物的种类数量居全国之首,已成为我国外来入侵植物最严重区域的结论。应引起相关部门的高度重视,采取有力措施,防止危害进一步加剧。

A Study of Alien Invasive Plant in Yunnan Province

On the basis of literature review and site investigation for many years,the alien invasive plants in Yunnan province were studied.There were 129 species of invasive exotic plants in Yunnan province,belonging to 39 families and 86 genus.There were 8 families with more than 5 species.The number of species from south America was the 63,which was the most,and accounted for 49 % of the total species number of exotic plants.There were 97 species of herb,which was accounted for 75 %.The damage grades of these species were evaluated according to the distribution in Yunnan province and dominant value.The number of species damage grade I,grade II and grade III were 6,34 and 89 respectively.It was concluded that the number of alien invasive plant species in Yunnan province was No.1 among all the provinces in China,more attention should be paid to this issue,and effective measures should be adopted to tackle the damage of invasive exotic plant.