中国草原利用、保护与建设评析及政策建议

我国草原面积广袤,生态功能和服务功能突出,草原区地处祖国边疆,也是少数民族聚居区,探讨草原的持续利用意义重大。退牧还草等草原生态保护建设工程的实施,草原退化势头得到遏制,但受超载过牧、自由放牧、草原建设投入不足及气候暖干化等因素影响,草原退化局面仍未得到根本扭转。为此,应在完善草原承包制基础上,建立健全草原生态补偿机制,构筑社会保障体系和草原生态保护政策支持体系,强化草原监理,并加大草产业研发投入和科技成果转化力度,实现草原可持续利用。

Policy Recommendations and Assessment of Grasslands Utilization, Protection and Construction in China

China, for there are vast grasslands area, the ecological performance and service performance is outstanding, while the grasslands is located in the border area of motherland, where minority are resident, so it is significant to research the sustainable utilization of grasslands. Although the implementation of grasslands Conservatory Ecology project, such as returning grazing land to grasslands, has restrained the grasslands degradation trend. But by overgrazing, freely grazing, grasslands construction input shortage and climate warming and drying, and other factors, the grasslands degradation situation has not yet been fundamentally reversed. Therefore, on the basis of improving the grasslands contracting system, establish and improve the grasslands ecological compensation mechanism to build a social security system and grasslands ecological protection policy support system, strengthen the grasslands supervision and increase grass industry research and development investment and science and technology production conversion efforts to achieve sustainable utilization of grasslands