不同灌溉方式对寒地粳稻抗旱生理性状的影响

本试验以东农425和东农427为试验材料,在水稻全生育期内以土壤水势为灌水衡量指标,研究了五种不同灌溉方式对寒地粳稻抗旱生理性状的影响,结果表明:在整个生育期内,处理的叶片脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)积累量、变化幅度基本趋势为:旱作>重干湿交替灌溉>轻干湿交替灌溉>中干湿交替灌溉>常规灌溉,重干湿交替灌溉和旱作处理显著增加了叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛含量。叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛含量与植株抗旱性及产量均呈负相关关系,其中脯氨酸含量相关性显著;重干湿交替灌溉和旱作处理的叶绿素(Chl)含量明显低于常规灌溉及轻干湿交替灌溉、中干湿交替灌溉处理,随着生育进程的推进,轻干湿交替灌溉、中干湿交替灌溉处理的叶片叶绿素含量反而高于其他处理。中干湿交替灌溉处理能够显著增加水稻叶片叶绿素含量,叶片叶绿素含量与植株抗旱性及产量呈显著正相关。中干湿交替灌溉处理是较为合理的灌溉方式,即田间土壤水势灌溉下限不应低于-20kPa。通过对植物抗旱性及抗旱相关生理指标的分析得出东农425的抗旱性较东农427强。

Effects of Different Irrigation Patterns on Drought-resistance Physiological Indexes of Japonica Rice in Cold Region

The present work has been performed to study the effect of five different irrigation patterns on thephysiological traits of drought tolerance in japonica rice of cold region. In this study, two japonica rice cultivars,Dongnong 425 and Dongnong 427, were used as the experiment materials and soil water potential as irrigation indexwas measured during the whole rice growth season. The result showed that the accumulation and the change magnitudeof proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves under different irrigation treatments appeared basically thesame trend during the whole growth period. The trend mentioned above was that dry farming > sever dry-wet alternateirrigation (soil was re-watered when soil water potential reached at -30 kPa) > mild dry-wet alternate irrigation (soil wasre-watered when soil water potential reached at -10 kPa) > moderate dry-wet alternate irrigation (soil was re-wateredwhen soil water potential reached at - 20 kPa) > conventional irrigation. Pro and MDA were significantly increasedunder dry farming and severe dry- wet alternate irrigation. In addition, the content of Pro and MDA in leaves wasnegative correlated with drought-resistance and yield where the proline content significantly. Compared with the otherthree irrigation patterns, the content of chlorophyll (Chl) in the leaves under dry farming and severe dry-wet alternateirrigation was significantly decreased. With the advancement of reproductive process, the content of Chl under mild andmoderate dry- wet alternate irrigation was higher than other treatments. Moreover, the moderate dry- wet alternateirrigation significantly increased the content of Chl and the content of Chl was significant correlative with droughtresistance. The results suggested that moderate dry-wet alternate irrigation is a more reasonable way of irrigation andthe drought resistance of Dongnong 425 is higher than Dongnong 427