新垦淡灰钙土微生物生物量碳、氮、磷及玉米产量的研究

通过设置在宁夏红寺堡灌区开垦4 a的淡灰钙土上的定位试验,研究了不同施肥对新垦淡灰钙土微生物生物量碳、氮、磷及玉米产量的影响。结果表明:各施肥处理可以明显提高土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷含量,不同处理相比,化肥配合羊粪效果最好,单施羊粪次之,单施化肥最低;与对照相比各施肥处理对玉米的增产效果极显著,各处理作用效果的排序为:氮磷 羊粪>氮磷锌钾>氮磷锌>氮磷>氮>羊粪>不施肥,氮磷 羊粪处理与单施氮肥和单施羊粪之间差异达极显著水平。化肥与有机肥羊粪配合施用既能显著增加土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷含量又能使玉米产量显著提高,因此是新垦淡灰钙土施肥的最佳选择。土壤微生物量碳与有机碳呈极显著正相关,与全氮呈显著正相关,表明其与土壤肥力关系密切,可作为评价新垦地土壤质量变化的生物学指标。

Studies on soil microbial biomass C, N, P and maize yield in newly cultivated light sierozem

The effects of different fertilization on soil microbial biomass C,N,P and maize yield in light sierozem were investigated with a field experiment,which was continued for 4 years at Hongsibu irrigated area of Ningxia.The results showed that the fertilization treatments significantly increased the contents of microbial biomass C,N and P compared with control,but there were significant differences among different treatments.The best effect was found in the treatment of chemical fertilizers sheep manure,the second was sheep manure,and the lowest was chemical fertilizers.Fertilization significantly increased maize yield in the following order: NP sheep manure >NPZnK>NPZn>NP>N>sheep manure>control.There were significant differences between NP sheep manure and N or sheep manure. The compound application of chemical fertilizers and sheep manure not only increased the contents of microbial biomass C,N and P but also raised the yield of maize,therefore,it was the best fertilization measure in the newly cultivated light sierozem.Significant positive correlation was found between soil microbial biomass C and organic C as well as total N,so soil microbial biomass C could be regarded as a biological indication to identify the quality change of newly cultivated soil.