黄河流域<河南段>耕地多功能时空格局演变及其权衡协同关系

科学测度耕地多功能权衡与协同关系对于量化和表征耕地隐性形态具有重要意义,可为构建土地利用绿色转型调控路径、揭示人地关系演化过程提供科学依据。该研究以黄河流域（河南段）为研究区域,利用1990－2020年时间序列社会经济发展数据,从耕地的生产、社会、生态以及文化功能4个维度系统构建耕地多功能评价指标体系及土地系统功能权衡度（Land system Function Trade-off Degree）模型,测算黄河流域（河南段）耕地多功能指数,解析耕地多功能之间权衡与协同关系时序演化特征,以此揭示耕地利用隐性形态的演变规律。结果表明：1）1990－2020年间黄河流域（河南段）耕地的生产、社会、生态和文化功能均呈增长态势,且生产与文化功能增长较为突出。2）按照功能层次性,将1990－2020年间耕地多功能的变化划分为六个阶段。在1990－2010年的前四个阶段中以生产与生态功能为主,在2010－2020年的后两个阶段中以生产与文化功能为主,并且功能间作用关系较为复杂。3）1990－2020年间,耕地生产、社会、生态和文化功能间相互作用关系呈现"权衡为主导-权衡协同持平-权衡为主导"的演化特征,黄河流域（河南段）耕地功能于2010年后呈现显著转型特征。4）耕地转型影响因素关联性随时间变化而不同。1990－2020年影响因素关联性变化显示：城镇化率、农业机械总动力、粮食总产量、第三产业占比是显著影响因素。耕地隐性形态变化可深层次显化耕地利用转型,为耕地可持续利用提供参考。

Spatial-temporal pattern evolution and trade-off relationship of cultivated land multifunction in the Yellow River Basin

Scientific measurement of multi-functional trade-off and synergy of cultivated land is of great significance for quantifying and characterizing the hidden form of cultivated land, which can provide a scientific basis for constructing the regulation path of green transformation of land use and revealing the evolution process of human-land relationship. Based on the multi-functional theory of cultivated land, this study constructed the multi-functional analytical framework and functional classification evaluation system of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) by using the time series social and economic development data from 1990 to 2020. The function of cultivated land was divided into production function, social function, ecological function and cultural function, and the multi-functional index of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) was calculated. The evolution law of multi-functionality of cultivated land was revealed, and the dominant function of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) at different stages of transformation was clarified. On this basis, the land system function trade-off degree ( LFTD ) model was used for trade-off and collaborative analysis. To explore the complex changes and mutual influence mechanism of cultivated land multi-function in the process of cultivated land transformation, so as to reveal the evolution law of hidden form of cultivated land use.The results show that : 1) From 1990 to 2020, the multi-function of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) showed a fluctuating upward trend. Due to the improvement of the yield level of grain crops and the total power of agricultural machinery, the production function of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) continues to increase ; with the increase of per capita net income of farmers, the social function index of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) also increased slightly. At the same time, the continuous increase in the use of chemical fertilizers has led to a downward trend in the ecological function index of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) after 2010. With the increase of cultural investment and agricultural sightseeing garden area, the cultural function of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan section ) continues to increase. 2) According to the functional hierarchy, the change of cultivated land multifunctionality from 1990 to 2020 was divided into six stages. In the first four stages of 1990-2010, production and ecological functions are the main functions, and in the last two stages of 2010-2020, production and cultural functions are the main functions, and the relationship between functions is more complicated. 3) From 1990 to 2020, the interaction among the production, social, ecological and cultural functions of cultivated land showed the evolution characteristics of " trade-off is dominant-trade-off and synergistic is balanced-trade-off is dominant ", and the cultivated land function in the Yellow River Basin ( Henan Section ) showed significant transformation characteristics after 2010. 4) The correlation of influencing factors of cultivated land transformation varies with time. The correlation changes of influencing factors from 1990 to 2020 show that urbanization rate, total power of agricultural machinery, total grain output and proportion of tertiary industry are significant influencing factors.The hidden morphological changes of cultivated land can deeply manifest the transformation of cultivated land use and provide reference for the sustainable use of cultivated land.