性比对非繁殖期圈养白鹇行为的影响

目的]为了探讨性比对个体行为的影响。方法]2007年9~11月在广东象头山国家级自然保护区采用随机取样法和瞬时扫描取样法开展了3种性比圈养白鹇的行为学研究。结果]不同性比的白鹇都具有明显的日节律:取食高峰出现在16:00~17:00,休息高峰在12:00~13:00。在时间分配上,同一性比的雄性与雌性间存在差异:性比为2∶2时,雄性与雌性在游走和休息上的差异极显著(P<0.01);性比为3∶1时,雄性与雌性在取食和游走的差异极显著(P<0.01)。不同性比的同性间仍存在差异∶雄性在性比为2∶2与3∶1时游走的差异极显著(P<0.01);雌性在性比为2∶2与3∶1时取食和游走的差异极显著(P<0.01),并在性比为3∶1与3∶0时取食和游走的差异极显著(P<0.01)。不同性比的白鹇个体之间亲疏关系不同,但总有2只雌性个体关系密切。结论]性比对白鹇圈养白鹇的行为时间分配有影响,而且雌性个体更趋于集群活动,雄性则趋于单个活动。

Influence of Sex Ratio on Behaviors of Captive Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera)in Non-breeding Period

Objective] The research aimed to discuss the influence of sex ratio on individual behaviors.Method]From September to November in 2007,the behavioral studies of captive silver pheasant at three sex ratios in non-breeding period were carried out in Guangdong Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve with random and instantaneous scanning sampling methods.Result] At different sex ratio,the captive silver pheasant acted with relatively fixed daily rhythm,which was feeding at the peak from 16:00 to 17:00 and resting from 12:00 to 13:00.In behavioral time budget,the male and the female showed obvious differences at different sex ratios.At the sex ratio of 2∶2,walking and resting were significantly different between the male and the female(P<0.01).At the sex ratio of 3∶1,feeding and walking were significantly different(P<0.01).The same sex showed obvious difference in behavioral time budget at different sex ratios.Walking showed significant difference between the sex ratio of 2∶2 and the sex ratio of 3∶1 by the male(P<0.01).As to the female,feeding and walking showed significant difference between the sex ratio of 2∶2 and the sex ratio of 3∶1.Feeding and walking showed significant difference between the ratio of 3∶1 and 3∶0(P<0.01). The individuals kept intimate or aloof relations.However,two female individuals kept familiar relationship at different sex ratios.Conclusion] Sex ratio influenced the behaviors of captive silver pheasant.The female tended to aggregate,but the male tended to be single.