丁硫克百威原药和制剂对蚯蚓的毒性及其降解产物克百威的动态变化

为了解蚯蚓急性毒性试验过程中丁硫克百威降解产物克百威的动态变化。采用固相萃取高效液相色谱柱后衍生荧光检测法检测土壤中克百威的动态变化，比较不同浓度的90％丁硫克百威原药和20％丁硫克百威乳油制剂在土壤主要代谢产物克百威中的动态变化及其对蚯蚓的毒性。结果表明：当90％丁硫克百威原药的浓度为42.74、85.47、170.94、341.88、512.82 mg/kg时，试验第7天，土壤中克百威的浓度分别为12.941、25.272、56.652、104.984、143.870 mg/kg；而当20％丁硫克百威制剂的浓度为42.74、85.47、170.94、341.88、512.82 mg/kg时，试验第7天，克百威的浓度分别18.445、41.793、67.709、119.515、144.538 mg/kg。第7天时丁硫克百威原药和制剂在土壤中对蚯蚓的LC50分别为170.514、113.757 mg/kg，实际测得的丁硫克百威对土壤中蚯蚓的毒性已演变成丁硫克百威及其降解产物的联合毒性。土壤中克百威的浓度，与添加丁硫克百威的浓度、时间呈正相关，20％丁硫克百威乳油制剂在土壤中的代谢能力及其对土壤中蚯蚓的毒性均高于原药。

A Major Degradation Product's Dynamic Changes and Toxicity to Earthworms of Carbosulfan

To study carbofuran's dynamic changes in soil which was added to different concentrations of carbosulfan in acute toxicity test to earthworm. A method for the determination of carbofuran residues in the soil by HPLC with post-column derivatization system and fluorescence detector was developed. In this way, we compared carbofuran's dynamic changes in soil which was added to different concentrations of carbosulfan. In the 7th day of the experiment, the concentration of carbofuran in the soil was 12.941, 25.272, 56.652, 104.984, 143.870 mg/kg when the application concentration was 42.74, 85.47, 170.94, 341.88, 512.82 mg/kg respectively for the 90% carbofuran, while that was 18.445, 41.793, 67.709, 119.515, 144.538 mg/kg for the 20% carbofuran. The 7th d LC50 value of carbosulfan technical and formulation for earthworm was 170.514, 113.757 mg/kg. The acute toxicity of carbosulfan to earthworm was evolved into the joint toxicity of carbosulfan and its degradation products. The concentrations of carbofuran in soil were positively correlated with the concentrations of carbosulfan and test time. The metabolic capacity and toxicity to earthworms of carbosulfan 20% EC formulation in soil were higher than that of carbosulfan.