释放巴氏新小绥螨防治温室大棚番茄上的烟粉虱

烟粉虱是一种世界性重大害虫,随着杀虫剂的抗药性问题以及在蔬菜上的残留问题日益严重,生物防治成为解决这一问题的重要措施。本文研究了释放巴氏新小绥螨对温室大棚番茄上自然发生的烟粉虱种群的控制作用。结果表明:释放巴氏新小绥螨,对温室大棚番茄上的烟粉虱的种群具有明显的压制作用;温室大棚番茄上烟粉虱种群,在释放捕食螨和常规对照处理间的总体动态趋势相同,烟粉虱的数量在番茄植株上的分布均为上部中部下部叶片,但常规对照处理的烟粉虱数量是释放捕食螨处理的2～3倍;在烟粉虱种群密度低时,释放巴氏新小绥螨的防治效果较好,达到90%以上,随着烟粉虱密度的增大,巴氏新小绥螨对烟粉虱的防治效果下降,但番茄拉秧时防效仍可达到55.70%。相比化学农药,释放巴氏新小绥螨的生物防治措施对治理烟粉虱更具有稳定性和长效性的优势。

Control of whitefly Bemisia tabaci on tomato plants in greenhouse by releasing Neoseiulus barkeri

Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius is a major pest in the world. With the increasing problem of insecticide resistance and residues in vegetables, biological control has become an important measure to solve this problem. In this paper, the control effect of releasing Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes on the population of B.tabaci naturally occurred in greenhouse tomato plants was investigated. The results showed that the release of N.barkeri had a significant pressure on the population of B.tabaci in greenhouse tomatoes. The population of B.tabaci in greenhouse tomatoes showed the same general trend between releasing predatory mites and conventional control treatments, and the number of B.tabaci in upper leaves was the highest, followed by middle leaves, and the least in lower leaves. The number of B.tabaci in control treatment was 2-3 times higher than that in releasing predator mites treatment. When the population density of B.tabaci was low, the control efficacy reached more than 90%. With the increase of the density of B.tabaci, the control efficacy of B.tabaci by N.barkeri decreased, but it also reach to 55.70% when old tomato plants were pulled. Compared with chemical pesticides, biological control measure of releasing N.barkeri showed the advantage of stability and long-term efficacy for B.tabaci control.