牡丹种子休眠与萌发综述

牡丹为我国的传统名花,除具有观赏价值外,还是传统中药材中重要的天然药物来源。本文对牡丹种子的休眠与萌发进行了综述,如大多数牡丹都有深度简单上胚轴形态生理休眠的特性;牡丹的种胚分化但发育不完全;种胚必须达到一定的长度,胚根才能突破种皮;牡丹种子的萌发需要经历暖层积打破种胚的形态休眠和胚根的生理休眠;上胚轴的生长需要冷层积,且只有胚根生长到一定的阈值,上胚轴才对低温敏感;赤霉素可以代替层积,促进种胚的生长和休眠的打破。最后,针对国内外的研究不足进行了探讨,并对未来需要进一步开展的研究工作进行了展望。

A Review of Peony Seed Dormancy and Germination

Peony is a famous traditional flower in China. Except for the aesthetic value, peonies plants have been an important source of crude drugs in traditional Chinese medicine. The germination protocol for seeds of peony species is complex and impedes the breeding of new cultivars and contributes to the rarity and high cost of the plants. The primary aims of this paper are to provide a general overview of the available information on seed dormancy/germination in peonies and to make some suggestions regarding propagation for the peony industry and breeders. Most peony species have deep simple epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy. The embryo is differentiated into organs, but it is underdeveloped (small) and must grow inside the seed before the radicle can emerge. Germination of peony seeds requires warm stratification for embryo growth and radicle protrusion followed by cold stratification for epicotyl growth. In addition, the epicotyl is sensitive to cold stratification only after the root has grown to a certain length. GA3 treatment enhances embryo growth and subsequent germination percentages. Last, we summarized the shortcomings of the previous studies and prospected the future researches as well.